Abstract: GPS receivers, which can locate the position of a moving train and provide safety verification information, are widely used in passenger notification and arrival time prediction for railways. Because the GPS antenna installed at the train tail is susceptible to interference from the external environment and cannot receive enough satellite data, positioning results cannot be provided through the conventional four-satellite positioning method. This paper discusses the prediction of clock bias sequence of GPS receivers from the perspective of the grey system theory, and puts forward a new algorithm of GPS train positioning. Through the verification and analysis of the measured data, the algorithm can provide a solution of accurate train positioning when a train GPS receiver receives incomplete satellite signals.

Key words: receiver clock bias, satellite signals, positioning, prediction

摘要： GPS接收机能够定位列车运行位置并提供安全校验信息，在铁路旅客告知、到站时间预测等方面广泛应用。由于安装在列尾的GPS天线易受到外界环境的干扰而无法接收足够的卫星数据，常规4星定位方法无法实现定位结果。从灰色系统理论的角度探讨GPS接收机钟差序列预测，提出一种新的GPS定位列车位置的算法，通过实测数据验证分析，该算法在列车GPS接收机接收卫星信号不完备的情况下，精准实现接收机的定位解算。

关键词: 接收机钟差, 卫星信号, 定位, 预测