Abstract: In order to generate high-precision electronic map of railway track to record the line evaluation status and reduce the intensity of outdoor operation, Global Positioning System (GPS) is used to measure the same railway line several times and the measured data points were transformed into Gaussian plane coordinates through coordinate transformation. Then, the outliers of the measured data points are eliminated by Hough transform, and the errors of the multiple measured data points after outliers elimination are corrected by the idea of average elimination to obtain accurate GPS measured data points Finally, the least-squares method is used to perform trajectory fitting on the accurate GPS measured data points to obtain the railway line trajectory map expression. This paper analyzes and verifies the measured line data by this method and the results show that the trajectory map generated by this method is not only has accurate trajectory fitting and high positioning accuracy, but also has high theoretical value and practical application prospect.

Key words: electronic track map, outlier elimination, error correction, the least squares trajectory fitting, positioning match

摘要： 为生成高精度的铁路线路轨道电子地图以记录线路评估状态，减轻室外作业强度，以全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)对同一段铁路线路进行多次线路数据实测并将实测数据点通过坐标转换至高斯平面坐标中。对实测数据点利用霍夫变换思想实现野值剔除，对经野值剔除后的多次实测数据点利用多次测量取平均消除误差的思想实现GPS实测数据误差矫正，得到精确的GPS实测数据点。将矫正的GPS实测数据点利用最小二乘法进行轨迹拟合得到铁路线路轨迹地图表达式。利用此方法对实测线路数据进行分析验证。该方法生成的轨迹线地图，轨迹拟合精确，定位精度较高，而且具有较高的理论价值和实际应用前景。

关键词: 轨道电子地图, 野值剔除, 误差矫正, 最小二乘法轨迹拟合, 定位匹配